> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.rootcause.ai/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.rootcause.ai/more-details/applications/application-modules.md). # Module Reference Every module an application flow can be built from. ## Inputs | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | [Dataset Source](/more-details/applications/application-modules/datasetsource.md) | `DatasetSource` | `reactive` | Read from a saved dataset in your workspace. | | [Connector Import](/more-details/applications/application-modules/connectorimport.md) | `ConnectorImport` | `durable` | Run a connector import through a bound credential and materialise the rows as a dataset version. | | [Origin Grid](/more-details/applications/application-modules/origingrid.md) | `OriginGrid` | `reactive` | Emit origin timestamps for walk-forward or backtest sweeps. | | [Config Input](/more-details/applications/application-modules/configinput.md) | `ConfigInput` | `reactive` | Provide a config JSON bag with defaults for downstream modules. | | [Scenario Input](/more-details/applications/application-modules/scenarioinput.md) | `ScenarioInput` | `reactive` | Lets viewers of the published app adjust simulation parameters within your bounds. | | [Table Input](/more-details/applications/application-modules/tableinput.md) | `TableInput` | `reactive` | Lets viewers of the published app enter or paste data rows the flow runs on. | ## Outputs | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ---------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Dataset Output](/more-details/applications/application-modules/datasetoutput.md) | `DatasetOutput` | `durable` | Write the result back to a dataset. | | [Connector Write](/more-details/applications/application-modules/connectorwrite.md) | `ConnectorWrite` | `durable` | Write the incoming rows to a table or object path through a bound connector. | | [API Call](/more-details/applications/application-modules/apicall.md) | `APICall` | `durable` | Send data to an external API endpoint. | | [Send Notification](/more-details/applications/application-modules/sendnotification.md) | `SendNotification` | `durable` | Post an alert to Slack or a webhook when an upstream branch fires. | | [API Response](/more-details/applications/application-modules/apiresponseout.md) | `APIResponseOut` | `reactive` | Sends the final response payload back to the API caller. | | [Emit event](/more-details/applications/application-modules/emitevent.md) | `EmitEvent` | `durable` | Publish a named application event with a JSON payload for other applications to subscribe to. | ## Data Processing | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Data Operations](/more-details/applications/application-modules/dataoperations.md) | `DataOperations` | `reactive` | Transform data with filters, joins, aggregations, and 27 other operations. | | [Conditional](/more-details/applications/application-modules/conditional.md) | `Conditional` | `reactive` | Route data to different branches based on conditions. | | [Gate](/more-details/applications/application-modules/gate.md) | `Gate` | `reactive` | Assert row counts, null rates, keys, ranges, freshness or a pinned schema before data flows on. | | [Buffer](/more-details/applications/application-modules/buffer.md) | `Buffer` | `durable` | Accumulate arriving rows in a staging dataset and emit them as one batch when flushed or a bound is hit. | ## Intelligence | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | [Call LLM](/more-details/applications/application-modules/callllm.md) | `CallLLM` | `durable` | Generate text, JSON, or tabular data using a large language model. | | [Intervention](/more-details/applications/application-modules/interventionsim.md) | `InterventionSim` | `reactive` | Simulate the effect of interventions on a Digital Twin. | | [Counterfactual](/more-details/applications/application-modules/counterfactualsim.md) | `CounterfactualSim` | `reactive` | Find what inputs would produce a desired outcome. | | [Forecast](/more-details/applications/application-modules/forecastsim.md) | `ForecastSim` | `reactive` | Generate forward-looking predictions from a Digital Twin. | | [Forecast Backtest](/more-details/applications/application-modules/forecastbacktest.md) | `ForecastBacktest` | `durable` | Score past forecasts against what actually happened — accuracy over time. | | [Score Forecast](/more-details/applications/application-modules/scoreforecast.md) | `ScoreForecast` | `reactive` | Score a forecast dataframe against actuals — horizons, MAPE, WMAPE, and more. | | [Backtest Scores](/more-details/applications/application-modules/backtestscores.md) | `BacktestScores` | `durable` | Pool matched forecast rows across origins into per-variable and per-lead-time accuracy. | | [Forecast Groups](/more-details/applications/application-modules/aggregateforecast.md) | `AggregateForecast` | `reactive` | Roll a finished panel forecast up into named environment groups defined by a dimension column or SQL rules. | | [Static Accuracy](/more-details/applications/application-modules/staticaccuracy.md) | `StaticAccuracy` | `reactive` | Score a static model on new labeled rows for selected target columns and metrics. | | [Optimisation](/more-details/applications/application-modules/optimisationsim.md) | `OptimisationSim` | `durable` | Find optimal variable settings for a target outcome. | | [Root Cause Analysis](/more-details/applications/application-modules/rcasim.md) | `RCASim` | `durable` | Identify root causes of anomalies or outcomes. | | [Anomaly Detection](/more-details/applications/application-modules/anomalysim.md) | `AnomalySim` | `durable` | Detect anomalies and outliers using a Digital Twin. | | [Train Model](/more-details/applications/application-modules/trainmodel.md) | `TrainModel` | `durable` | Train a new Digital Twin model from data. | | [Update Model](/more-details/applications/application-modules/updatemodel.md) | `UpdateModel` | `durable` | Retrain or update an existing Digital Twin with new data. | | [For Each](/more-details/applications/application-modules/foreach.md) | `ForEach` | `durable` | Run an inline body subgraph once per row of an items dataframe. | | [While](/more-details/applications/application-modules/while.md) | `While` | `durable` | Repeat a body subgraph until a condition holds or the iteration cap is reached, carrying state in shift registers. | | [Sub-app](/more-details/applications/application-modules/subapp.md) | `SubApp` | `durable` | Use a published application as a module: its exposed terminals become this node's ports, pinned to one version. | | [Code](/more-details/applications/application-modules/code.md) | `Code` | `reactive` | Run sandboxed Python to transform data or emit JSON. | | [Pre-score](/more-details/applications/application-modules/prescore.md) | `PreScore` | `durable` | Score a grid of scenarios in one durable twin run and fill the scenario store reactive simulations answer from. | ## Library | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ----- | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Box](/more-details/applications/application-modules/box.md) | `Box` | `durable` | Drop a published box — a saved fragment of flow — in as one node. | ## Events | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | --------------- | ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [API Request](/more-details/applications/application-modules/apirequestin.md) | `APIRequestIn` | `reactive` | The HTTP request event: body, query, headers and the sync or async response mode. | | [On schedule](/more-details/applications/application-modules/onschedule.md) | `OnSchedule` | `durable` | Start a flow on a cron schedule, optionally spread over partition keys. | | [On data arrival](/more-details/applications/application-modules/ondataarrival.md) | `OnDataArrival` | `durable` | Start a flow when a dataset is uploaded, synced, changed or its schema drifts. | | [On twin change](/more-details/applications/application-modules/ontwinchange.md) | `OnTwinChange` | `durable` | Start a flow when a digital twin is trained or updated. | | [On interval](/more-details/applications/application-modules/oninterval.md) | `OnInterval` | `reactive` | Tick the reactive tier every N seconds so a live dashboard re-reads its connector without polling. | | [On webhook](/more-details/applications/application-modules/onwebhook.md) | `OnWebhook` | `durable` | Start a flow when an external service POSTs to this application's webhook URL. | | [On panel event](/more-details/applications/application-modules/onpanelevent.md) | `OnPanelEvent` | `reactive` | Start a flow when a widget emits click, change, submit, rowSelect, pageOpen or pageClose. | | [On application event](/more-details/applications/application-modules/onappevent.md) | `OnAppEvent` | `durable` | Start a flow when another application in this workspace emits a declared event. | ## Primitives | Module | Type | Tier | What it does | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------- | ---------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [Select](/more-details/applications/application-modules/select.md) | `Select` | `reactive` | Keep or drop the named columns. | | [Filter](/more-details/applications/application-modules/filter.md) | `Filter` | `reactive` | Keep the rows a condition matches; values may read {{params.\*}}. | | [Join](/more-details/applications/application-modules/join.md) | `Join` | `reactive` | Join left and right on key columns. | | [Union](/more-details/applications/application-modules/union.md) | `Union` | `reactive` | Stack the rows of a and b, by column name or position. | | [Aggregate](/more-details/applications/application-modules/aggregate.md) | `Aggregate` | `reactive` | Group by columns and compute measures. | | [Compute](/more-details/applications/application-modules/compute.md) | `Compute` | `reactive` | Add columns from expressions; values may read {{params.\*}}. | | [Window](/more-details/applications/application-modules/window.md) | `Window` | `reactive` | A window function over partitions in order: rank, lag, rolling sums. | | [Resample](/more-details/applications/application-modules/resample.md) | `Resample` | `reactive` | Bucket a time column to a cadence and aggregate each bucket. | | [Pivot](/more-details/applications/application-modules/pivot.md) | `Pivot` | `reactive` | Turn the values of one column into columns. | | [Unpivot](/more-details/applications/application-modules/unpivot.md) | `Unpivot` | `reactive` | Turn columns into rows of variable and value. | | [Sort](/more-details/applications/application-modules/sort.md) | `Sort` | `reactive` | Order rows by columns. | | [Limit](/more-details/applications/application-modules/limit.md) | `Limit` | `reactive` | Keep the first n rows after an offset. | | [Distinct](/more-details/applications/application-modules/distinct.md) | `Distinct` | `reactive` | Drop duplicate rows, over all or the named columns. | | [Rename](/more-details/applications/application-modules/rename.md) | `Rename` | `reactive` | Rename columns. | | [Cast](/more-details/applications/application-modules/cast.md) | `Cast` | `reactive` | Change column types. | | [Fill](/more-details/applications/application-modules/fill.md) | `Fill` | `reactive` | Fill nulls with a value, a neighbour or the mean. | | [Sample](/more-details/applications/application-modules/sample.md) | `Sample` | `reactive` | Keep n rows, chosen arbitrarily but the same ones each run. | | [Constant](/more-details/applications/application-modules/constant.md) | `Constant` | `reactive` | Emit one typed value. | | [Expression](/more-details/applications/application-modules/expression.md) | `Expression` | `reactive` | Compute one value from a, b and c with the scalar grammar. | | [Compare](/more-details/applications/application-modules/compare.md) | `Compare` | `reactive` | Compare a with b and emit a boolean. | | [Pick](/more-details/applications/application-modules/pick.md) | `Pick` | `reactive` | Read one value out of a JSON by path. | | [Merge](/more-details/applications/application-modules/merge.md) | `Merge` | `reactive` | Merge two JSON objects, b over a. | | [To table](/more-details/applications/application-modules/totable.md) | `ToTable` | `reactive` | Turn a JSON of records or columns into a dataframe. | | [From table](/more-details/applications/application-modules/fromtable.md) | `FromTable` | `reactive` | Turn a dataframe into a JSON of records or columns. | | [Switch](/more-details/applications/application-modules/switch.md) | `Switch` | `reactive` | Route by a value: one out-port per case, then otherwise. | | [Await](/more-details/applications/application-modules/await.md) | `Await` | `reactive` | Continue when all or any of the inputs have arrived. | | [Delay](/more-details/applications/application-modules/delay.md) | `Delay` | `durable` | Hold a value for a number of seconds on a Temporal timer. | | [Poll](/more-details/applications/application-modules/poll.md) | `Poll` | `durable` | Check a GET endpoint until its response matches a condition or the time limit is reached. | | [Resolve twin](/more-details/applications/application-modules/resolvetwin.md) | `ResolveTwin` | `reactive` | Look up a digital twin's latest or pinned version as JSON. | | [Connector read](/more-details/applications/application-modules/connectorread.md) | `ConnectorRead` | `reactive` | Read a table or query through a bound connector without writing a dataset, cached for ttlS. | | [Series view](/more-details/applications/application-modules/seriesview.md) | `SeriesView` | `reactive` | A forecast or scenario series seen through a view: time bucket, cumulative or per period, cohort and variable from a config's fields, plus a fixed roll-up and history. | ## Port kinds An out-port may be wired to an in-port whose kind is listed here. | Kind | Connects to | | ----------- | --------------------------------------- | | `dataframe` | `dataframe`, `signal` | | `scalar` | `scalar`, `json`, `text`, `signal` | | `json` | `json`, `scalar`, `signal` | | `text` | `text`, `scalar`, `signal` | | `document` | `document`, `binary`, `signal` | | `image` | `image`, `binary`, `signal` | | `binary` | `binary`, `document`, `image`, `signal` | | `signal` | `signal` | | `event` | `event`, `json` |